Fenbendazole (common brand names Pancur C and Safe-Guard) is a broad-spectrum benzimidazole anthelmintic that is prescribed to cats, dogs, and other animals for the treatment of gastrointestinal parasites such as giardia. It has also recently been used in humans as part of the Joe Tippens Protocol.

We examined the effect of fenbendazole on radiation dose-response curves in aerobic and hypoxic EMT6 cells. The results demonstrated that fenbendazole does not significantly alter the radiation response.

ANTHELINETIC

Fenben lab fenbendazol is a safe broad-spectrum anthelmintic that can be used to treat intestinal helminth parasites in cats and dogs. It works by binding to beta-tubulin in microtubules, blocking them from forming, and thus stopping cell division. This disrupts the parasite’s energy management system, causing it to starve until it dies.

In vitro studies using EMT6 mouse mammary tumor cells showed that fenbendazole had cytotoxic and antitumor effects in high doses and long incubation periods. In these experiments, fenbendazole was used in combination with radiation and docetaxel to determine whether it could increase the antineoplastic activity of these drugs. The results showed that fenbendazole caused a dose-dependent decrease in the viability of EMT6 cells, and this effect was enhanced by hypoxia.

For in vivo studies, mice bearing EMT6 mammary tumors were treated three times daily with fenbendazole by injection into the mice. The tumor volume was measured three times a week until it reached a maximum of 1000 mm3. Tumor growth was monitored by calculating the time it took for tumors to grow from their stratification volume to four-times that size.

Benzimidazole carbamate anthelmintics such as fenbendazole are used to treat various gastrointestinal parasites in animals, including pinworms, giardia, roundworms, and tapeworms. They act by binding to tubulin, a protein in the microtubules that make up the cytoskeleton. This disruption halts the cell’s mitosis and causes the death of the parasite. These properties are also shared by cytotoxic anticancer agents, such as the vinca alkaloids and taxanes.

ANTI-INFECTIVE

Fenbendazole is an antiparasitic medication that can be used in various animal species. It is a benzimidazole carbamate anthelmintic that has broad spectrum action and is well tolerated by animals. It also has a high margin of safety. This makes it an ideal drug for repurposing, which is the process of turning a veterinary drug into a medicine for humans. It is available as tablets and injectables for animals and is widely used for giardiasis and other gastrointestinal parasites. It also has activity against trematodes, including Nanophyetus salmincola and Heterobilharzia americana.

The anthelmintic effect of fenbendazole results from binding to b-tubulin microtubule subunits and disrupting their polymerization. This interferes with cell division, which is necessary for helminths to survive. It also interferes with the formation of the protein scaffolding that gives cells their shape and structure. Textbook depictions of cells commonly portray them as amorphous bags of liquid, but they actually establish shape and structure through the cytoskeleton, which comprises microtubules.

Moreover, fenbendazole has been found to have anti-tumor effects. It can even be combined with paclitaxel to improve the treatment of cancers in mice. However, the effectiveness of this combination is yet to be determined in human trials. Other drugs that act by interfering with the formation of microtubules, such as vincristine and doxorubicin, have been tested in humans in randomized clinical trials.

ANTI-HIV

In the laboratory, fenbendazole acts as an antihelmintic drug, which eliminates parasitic worms. It is a broad-spectrum benzimidazole and has a high safety margin in many animal species. Its effectiveness against helminthes is based on its ability to disrupt the tubulin microtubule equilibrium, which is essential for the cell’s shape and cytoskeletal architecture. The drug has also been shown to suppress RAS-related signaling pathways.

In experiments assessing the effect of fenbendazole on radiosensitivity, EMT6 cells were treated with graded doses of radiation in aerobic and hypoxic conditions and assayed using a colony formation assay. Survivals were measured as the number of surviving cultures and yield-corrected surviving fractions. The results showed that fenbendazole is not toxic to aerobic EMT6 cells, even at high concentrations and with long incubations. However, fenbendazole reduces the number of surviving EMT6 cells and their clonogenicity in severe hypoxia.

These findings suggest that fenbendazole may be an effective hypoxia-selective radiosensitizer. The drug has a low molecular weight, and its interaction with the cell is mainly through binding to tubulin, an important protein involved in cell structure. It is believed that the drug’s impact on the cytoskeleton prevents microtubules from growing or disassembling as needed by the cell to change shape or move through narrow spaces. This is a critical feature of the mechanism of action of fenbendazole.

ANTI-BACTERIAL

The benzimidazole carbamate drug fenbendazole (FZ) is an effective anthelmintic against gastrointestinal parasites, including giardia and other trematodes. It also has activity against the tapeworm genus Taenia (but not Dipylidium caninum, the common dog tapeworm). In humans, it is used to treat worm infections of the digestive tract. In addition, fenbendazole has been shown to inhibit the proliferation of cancer cells in vitro and in animal models.

Nevertheless, the anti-cancer effects of fenbendazole have been subject to controversy. Several studies have shown that it has cytotoxic properties in cells, and its toxicity may be associated with its binding to microtubules, which is a major component of the mitotic spindle. However, the mechanism of action is not fully understood.

Recently, a patient with stage four nonsmall cell lung cancer in South Korea was reported to be completely cured by self-administration of fenbendazole. The patient obtained the information about fenbendazole from social media sites and started taking it without his physician’s knowledge. This led to the spread of false information, which harmed many patients. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of fenbendazole on the growth and radiation response of EMT6 tumors in mice. Mice with established tumors were injected with either sterile, pyrogen-free physiologic saline or three daily i.p. injections of fenbendazole or irradiated alone. The results showed that fenbendazole did not influence the radiation dose-response curve for hypoxic or aerobic EMT6 cells, but it significantly reduced the number of colonies formed by the irradiated cells.